The Effectiveness of Fragrant Pandan Leaves Ethanol Extract in Reducing Cholesterol Levels In High-Fat Diet-Induced Rats

Ni Made Wiasty Sukanty, Farida Ariani, Lina Yunita

Abstract


Coronary heart disease was the primary cause of death in Asia in 2019. Indonesia is the country with the highest increase in cholesterol levels in Southeast Asia. One of the causes of coronary heart disease is consuming foods high in cholesterol. The commonly given therapy is simvastatin. However, long-term use of simvastatin can cause side effects, so it is necessary to use other alternatives. Pandanus ammaryllifolius also known as fragrant pandan is a plant that is often found in Indonesia and is used in the culinary industry. This study aims to test the effectiveness of fragrant pandan leaves ethanol extract (FPLEE) in reducing cholesterol levels in rats. A total of 30 rats were split into six groups (NC, C+, C-, T1, T2, and T3) and induced on a high-fat diet, except the NC group for 14 days. For the next 14 days, C+ was given a high-fat diet, C- was given simvastatin, T1, T2, and T3 were respectively given FPLEE doses of 8, 16, and 32 mg/200 g BW/day. Next, cholesterol levels were measured. The results of cholesterol levels were tested statistically using One-Way ANOVA and post hoc LSD tests with a = 0.05. There is no substantial difference between NC, C-, and T2. There is a significant difference between T1 and C+ with a higher T1 value. Meanwhile, for T3, there is no significant difference between T3 and NC, C-, and C+. Thus, the most effective dose for reducing cholesterol levels is 16 mg/200 g BW/day.

Keywords


Cholesterol; high-fat diet; Pandanus ammaryllifolius; simvastatin

Full Text:

PDF

References


Adhitama, Shendy, Nur Kuswanti, and Firas Khaleyla. 2023. “Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Kedondong Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Kolesterol Total Dan Berat Badan Mencit Diabetes Melitus Tipe II.” LenteraBio: Berkala Ilmiah Biologi 12, no. 3: 354–62. https://doi.org/10.26740/lenterabio.v12n3.p354-362.

Amida, N, Lisdiana Lisdiana, W Christijanti, and R S Iswari. 2021. “Efek Ekstrak Black Garlic Terhadap Kualitas Spermatozoa Tikus Setelah Dipapar Asap Rokok.” Prosiding Seminar Nasional Biologi 9: 298–303. https://proceeding.unnes.ac.id/index.php/semnasbiologi/article/view/799.

Arfania, Maya, Dhavid Twua Mangunsong, Renita Hamjah, and Wipena Fariza. 2023. “Efektivitas Terapi Obat Golongan Statin Terhadap Pasien Dislipidemia.” Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan 9, no. 16: 550–54. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8251366.

Assauqi, Niamul Faza, Mutista Hafshah, and Rais Nur Latifah. 2023. “Penentuan Nilai Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum (KHM) Dan Konsentrasi Bunuh Minimum (KBM) Ekstrak Etanol Daun Pandan (Pandanus Amaryllifolius Roxb) Terhadap Bakteri Streptococcus Mutans.” JC-T (Journal Cis-Trans): Jurnal Kimia Dan Terapannya 7, no. 1: 1–9. https://doi.org/10.17977/um0260v7i12023p001.

Craig, Micah, Siva Naga S. Yarrarapu, and Manjari Dimri. 2023. “Biochemistry, Cholesterol.” Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls. 2023. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513326/.

Endriyatno, Nur Cholis. 2021. “Potensi Bahan Alam Sebagai Antihiperkolesterolemia.” Jurnal Sudut Pandang 2, no. 7: 21–25. https://doi.org/10.55314/jsp.v2i7.183.

Forestryana, Dyera, Annisa Hayati, and Aristha Novyra Putri. 2022. “Formulation and Evaluation of Natural Gel Containing Ethanolic Extract of Pandanus Amaryllifolius R. Using Various Gelling Agents.” Borneo Journal of Pharmacy 5, no. 4: 345–56. https://doi.org/10.33084/bjop.v5i4.1411.

Gupta, Lovlish, Monika Chauhan, Ajay Kumar, Diwakar Chauhan, and Pragati Saini. 2024. “Flavonoids and Cardiovascular Diseases.” In Advances in Flavonoids for Human Health and Prevention of Diseases, edited by Raj K. Keservani Nisha Sharma, Deepika Saini, Rajesh K. Kesharwani, Prakash Chandra Gupta, 1st ed., 304. Boca Raton: CRC Press.

Hartonno, A. P, and Adi Sumiwi Sri. 2023. “Review: Penggunaan Statin Sebagai Obat Off-Label.” Farmaka 21, no. 3: 342–49. https://doi.org/10.24198/farmaka.v21i3.46895.

Hasim, Hasim, Qomariah Hasanah, Dimas Andrianto, and Didah Nur Faridah. 2018. “Aktivitas Antioksidan Dan Antihiperkolesterolemia In Vitro Dari Campuran Ekstrak Angkak Dan Bekatul.” Jurnal Teknologi Dan Industri Pangan 29, no. 2: 145–54. https://doi.org/10.6066/jtip.2018.29.2.145.

Houttu, Veera, Aldo Grefhorst, Danny M Cohn, Johannes H M Levels, Jeanine Roeters Van Lennep, Erik S G Stroes, Albert K Groen, and Tycho R Tromp. 2023. “Severe Dyslipidemia Mimicking Familial Hypercholesterolemia Induced by High-Fat, Low-Carbohydrate Diets: A Critical Review.” Nutrients 15, no. 4: 962. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15040962.

Liepinsh, Edgars, Liga Zvejniece, Laura Clemensson, Melita Ozola, Edijs Vavers, Helena Cirule, Stanislava Korzh, et al. 2024. “Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Activity Is Essential for Mitochondrial ?-Oxidation of Fatty Acids to Prevent Lethal Accumulation of Long-Chain Acylcarnitines in the Mouse Liver.” British Journal of Pharmacology 181, no. 16: 2750–73. https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.16363.

Mutia, Sri, Fauziah, and Zairin Thomy. 2018. “Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Daun Andong (Cordyline Fruticosa (L.) A. Chev) Terhadap Kadar Kolesterol Total Dan Trigliserida Darah Tikus Putih (Rattus Norvegicus) Hiperkolesterolemia.” Jurnal Bioleuser 2, no. 2: 29–35. https://jurnal.usk.ac.id/bioleuser/article/view/14883/11193.

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. 2023. “What Is Coronary Heart Disease?” National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. 2023. https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/coronary-heart-disease.

Poli, Andrea, Franca Marangoni, Alberto Corsini, Enzo Manzato, Walter Marrocco, Daniela Martini, Gerardo Medea, and Francesco Visioli. 2021. “Phytosterols, Cholesterol Control, and Cardiovascular Disease.” Nutrients 13, no. 8: 2810. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13082810.

Sukanty, Ni Made Wiasty, and I Putu Bayu Agus Saputra. 2023. “Efektivitas Ekstrak Etanol Tauge (Vigna Radiata) Dalam Meningkatkan Kadar Glutation Peroksidase Pada Tikus Putih (Rattus Norvegicus) Yang Diinduksi Toluena.” Ganec Swara 17, no. 4: 2079–84. https://doi.org/10.35327/gara.v17i4.673.

Suryani, Chatarina Lilis, Siti Tamaroh Cahyono Murti, Agusta Ardiyan, and Astuti Setyowati. 2018. “Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Pandan (Pandanus Amaryllifolius) Dan Fraksi-Fraksinya.” Agritech 37, no. 3: 271–79. https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.11312.

Upadhyay, Ravi Kant. 2023. “High Cholesterol Disorders, Myocardial Infarction and Its Therapeutics.” World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 13, no. 08: 433–69. https://doi.org/10.4236/wjcd.2023.138040.

Viviandhari, Daniek, Rini Prastiwi, Elva Fitriani Puspitasari, and Pegi Perdianti. 2020. “Aktivitas Fraksi Ekstrak Etanol Luffa Acutangula (L.) Roxb. Terhadap Penurunan Kolesterol Pada Hamster Hiperlipidemia.” Jurnal Jamu Indonesia 5, no. 2: 45–55. https://doi.org/10.29244/jji.v5i2.171.

Wananggari, Larasati Ayuni, and Dina Melia Oktavilantika. 2024. “Formulasi, Evaluasi, Dan Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Clay Mask Ekstrak Daun Pandan Wangi (Pandanus Amaryllifolius Roxb.) Terhadap Bakteri Propionibacterium Acnes.” Jurnal Farmasi Dan Farmakoinformatika 2, no. 1: 63–75. https://doi.org/10.35760/jff.2024.v2i1.9729.

Zhao, Dong. 2021. “Epidemiological Features of Cardiovascular Disease in Asia.” JACC: Asia 1, no. 1: 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacasi.2021.04.007.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2024.132.505-509

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2024 Ni Made Wiasty Sukanty, Farida Ariani, Lina Yunita



Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry
ISSN 2089-6514 (paper) - ISSN 2540-9328 (online)
Published by Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity.

CC BY NC
This work is licensed under a CC BY-NC