Phytochemical Profiling and Cytotoxic Evaluation of Marasi (Curculigo latifolia) Leaf Extract and Fractions Against MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells

Nanda Lia Putri Sari, Salni Salni, Elfita Elfita, Laila Hanum, Elisa Nurnawati

Abstract


Breast cancer has the highest incidence among women in Indonesia. The exploration of natural products as sources of selective anticancer agents with minimal side effects continues to attract considerable attention. Marasi (Curculigo latifolia) is reported to contain secondary metabolites with potential antiproliferative properties. This study aimed to perform phytochemical profiling using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS), as well as to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of C. latifolia leaf extracts and fractions against MCF-7 breast cancer cells. TLC analysis indicated that the leaf extract of C. latifolia and its fractions comprise diverse secondary metabolites, such as phenolics, terpenoids, flavonoids, and tannins. Meanwhile, LC–MS profiling demonstrated that nitrogen-bearing heterocyclic compounds predominate, particularly triazine derivatives, tetrazoles, and benzothiazoles. Cytotoxicity assessment demonstrated that the extracts and fractions displayed low inhibitory activity against MCF-7 cells, with the strongest effect observed at an IC50 value of 234.8782 ppm, which remains above the accepted threshold for significant cytotoxic activity. Although the activity against MCF-7 cells was limited, further investigation involving other cancer models and isolation of active constituents is necessary to better understand and potentially enhance the biological activity of C. latifolia leaf.


Keywords


Curculigo latifolia; anticancer; MCF-7; cytotoxic; LC-MS; fractionation

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.1725-1735

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Copyright (c) 2026 Nanda Lia Putri Sari, Salni Salni, Elfita Elfita, Laila Hanum, Elisa Nurnawati



Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry
ISSN 2089-6514 (paper) - ISSN 2540-9328 (online)
Published by Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity.

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