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Potential Antibacterial Activity of Endophytic Bacterial Extracts from the Roots of Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) Against Diarrhea-Causing Bacteria
Abstract
Diarrhea is a disease that can be caused by bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections in the digestive tract. Generally, diarrhea can be caused by two bacteria, namely Escherichia coli and Shigella dysenteriae. Bandotan plants (Ageratum conyzoides L.) have been used in several regions as traditional medicinal plants, one of which is for diarrhea medicine. The presence of endophytic bacteria in plants is thought to be able to be used as an alternative to explore their potential in producing bioactive compounds that have activity against bacteria that cause diarrhea. This study aims to determine the characteristics of endophytic bacterial isolates, test their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Shigella dysenteriae bacteria, and determine the bioactive compounds produced by endophytic bacterial extracts of bandotan roots. The research stages began with the isolation of endophytic bacteria, bacterial characterization, antibacterial activity screening, production and extraction of secondary metabolites, preparation of test bacterial suspensions, antibacterial activity testing, MIC and MBC tests, screening of secondary metabolites of the extract, and data analysis. The results showed that there were three isolates that had potential as antibacterials with diverse characteristics and were Gram-negative. The highest antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli bacteria was shown by the AC3 extract with a diameter of 10.38 ± 0.27 mm, and against Shigella dysenteriae was shown by the AC10 extract with a diameter of 5.02 ± 1.36 mm. The MIC and MBC values of the three extracts were classified as weak at a concentration of 7.5%. Secondary metabolite compounds found in the endophytic bacterial extracts consisted of flavonoids, alkaloids, and triterpenoids.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2026.152.1799-1814
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