The Effects of Frequent Therapeutic Administration of Artesunate-amodiaquine and Artemether-lumefantrine on Haematological Markers in BALB/c Mice

David Audu, Olufunmilayo Ajoke Idowu, Vinood B Patel, Musa Fakilahyel Mshelbwala, Adewumi Babatunde Idowu

Abstract


Artemisinin Combination Therapy (ACT) is readily available in malaria-endemic nations, leading to repeated drug usage by undiagnosed persons. Repeated use of ACT therapy by non-infected individuals may affect blood cells. This study explored how repeated artesunate-amodiaquine (A/A) and artemether-lumefantrine (A/L) treatment in non-infected mice affected haematological markers. 100 male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 5 groups: non-infected and Plasmodium berghei NK65 infected treated with A/L and A/A 1X, 2X, 3X, 4X, 5X, and 6X, and the control group. Packed cell volume (PCV), Haemoglobin (Hb), and red blood cell (RBC) were reduced (p>0.05) non-significantly in the non-infected group treated with A/L or A/A six times compared to the control and infected groups. WBC rose in infected and non-infected mice treated with A/L or A/A 1X, 2X, 3X, and 6X, with a substantial rise in non-infected mice treated with A/L (p < 0.01) and A/A (p < 0.001) three times. WBC mainly rose due to lymphocytes, although neutrophils decreased. Repeated therapeutic use of A/L and A/A without infection may cause a haematological change. Continuous efforts are needed to educate the public about screening for malaria parasites before using drugs.

Keywords


Malaria; Artemether Lumefantrine; Artesunate Amodiaquine; Hematological parameters; Anemia; Neutropenia

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2023.121.233-240

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Copyright (c) 2023 David Audu, Olufunmilayo A Idowu, Vinood B Patel, Musa F Mshelbwala, Adewumi B Idowu



Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry
ISSN 2089-6514 (paper) - ISSN 2540-9328 (online)
Published by Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity.

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