Email this article 
Analysis of Daily Behavioral Patterns of Purebred Cats Before and After Sterilization
Abstract
Male domestic cats tend to exhibit different behaviors influenced by reproductive hormones, such as aggression, territorial instincts, and relatively high levels of exploratory activity. Sterilization (castration) has been shown to reduce the production of these hormones, which may consequently affect cats' daily behavioral patterns. This study aimed to examine changes in the daily behavior of domestic male cats before and after sterilization (castration). Observations were conducted on 15 cats (A–O), with variables including feeding frequency, sleeping patterns, grooming behavior, play activity, aggressive behavior, social interactions, and physical health. The method employed was direct observation of cat behavior before and after the sterilization procedure. The findings revealed significant behavioral changes following sterilization, including reduced aggression, decreased roaming activity, increased resting time, and more regular feeding patterns. In addition, social interactions with humans and other cats increased, while the cats’ physical condition became more stable. The degree of behavioral change varied among individual cats and was influenced by factors such as breed, age, individual temperament, and the environment in which they were kept. Therefore, sterilization not only plays an important role in population control but also contributes to improved behavioral stability and overall welfare in domestic male cats.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Alexander, T., Flock, U., Klein, R., Reese, S., Meyer-Lindenberg, A., & Walter, B. (2024). Physiological anti-Müllerian hormone concentrations in male and female dogs and cats before and around puberty. Animals, 14(17), Article 2561. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14172561
Amalia, A. D. R., Zulkarnain, Z., & Nurmayanti. (2024). Analisis dampak perilaku sterilisasi terhadap kesehatan kucing betina domestik (Felis domesticus). Filogeni: Jurnal Mahasiswa Biologi, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.24252/filogeni.v5i1.54184
Amat, M., Camps, T., & Manteca, X. (2020). Stress in owned cats: Behavioural changes and welfare implications. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, 22(3), 211–221. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X19880437
Azura, D., Nabila, M., & Damanik, A. S. H. (2023). Analisis dampak perilaku sterilisasi terhadap kesehatan kucing betina dan jantan. JPB: Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi, 1(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.47134/biology.v1i1.1925
Rahmalisa, U., Mardeni, M., Helmi, R., & Linarta, A. (2020). Pemberi makan otomatis pada kucing menggunakan Raspberry Pi berbasis Android. Jurnal Teknologi dan Open Source, 3(2), 298–308. https://doi.org/10.36378/jtos.v3i2.782
Baquero, O. S., da Silva Filho, A. P., Monsalve, S., Gebara, R. R., Garcia, R. D. C. M., & Sussai, S. (2020). Can sterilization help to prevent roaming in owned dogs and cats? Research in Veterinary Science, 129, 180–184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.01.021
Bian, Z., Jian, X., Liu, G., Jian, S., Wen, J., Zhang, H., Lin, X., Huang, H., Deng, J., Deng, B., & Zhang, L. (2023). Wet-food diet promotes the recovery from surgery of castration and control of body weight in adult young cats. Journal of Animal Science, 101, skad039. https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skad039
Coe, J. A., Elmore, E. C., Elizondo, S., & Loss, S. R. (2021). Free-ranging domestic cat abundance and sterilization percentage following five years of a trap-neuter-return program. Wildlife Biology, 2021(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.2981/wlb.00799
Corona, D. (2020). Cats undergoing spay with medetomidine, ketamine and butorphanol develop arterial oxygen desaturation independent of surgical positioning and increased intraocular pressure in Trendelenburg position. Schweizer Archiv Für Tierheilkunde, 162(9), 539–550. https://doi.org/10.17236/sat00271
Crawford, J., Rand, J., Rohlf, V., Scotney, R., & Bennett, P. (2023). Solutions-based approach to urban cat management: Case studies of a One Welfare approach to urban cat management. Animals, 13(21), 3423. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13213423
Ellis, S. L. H., Rodan, I., Carney, H. C., Heath, S., Rochlitz, I., Shearburn, L. D., Sundahl, E., & Westropp, J. L. (2021). AAFP and ISFM feline environmental needs guidelines. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, 23(3), 211–223. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X21993677
Heitzmann, V. (2022). How painful are cats after neutering? A field study using multimodal analgesia with intraperitoneal ropivacaine in a neuter-return program in feral cats. Schweizer Archiv Für Tierheilkunde, 164(12), 841–850. https://doi.org/10.17236/sat00377
Horakova, E. (2020). Behavioural patterns and resting habits of domestic cats in home environments. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 228, 104998. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2020.104998
Iwazaki, E., Lee, A. H., Kruis, A. M., Phungviwatnikul, T., Valentine, H., Arend, L. S., Knox, R. V., de Godoy, M. R. C., & Swanson, K. S. (2022). Effects of a high-protein, high-fiber diet rich in antioxidants and L-carnitine on body weight, body composition, metabolic status, and physical activity levels of cats after spay surgery. Journal of Animal Science, 100(4), skac104. https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac104
Julianti, S., Qomariah, I. N., Anshari, M. A., Salimah, I., & Widayati, K. A. (2020). Aktivitas harian dan perilaku makan kucing domestik liar di lingkungan kantin IPB. Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi, 14(2). https://doi.org/10.15408/kauniyah.v14i2.15730
Kennedy, B. P. A., Cumming, B., & Brown, W. Y. (2020). Global strategies for population management of domestic cats (Felis catus): A systematic review to inform best-practice management for remote Indigenous communities in Australia. Animals, 10(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10010173
Kreisler, R. E. (2021). Comparison of the effect of isopropyl alcohol and chlorhexidine solution rinses on body temperature of female cats undergoing sterilization surgery. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, 23(10), 875–882. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X20979565
Kreisler, R. E., Cornell, H. N., & Levy, J. K. (2021). Decrease in population and increase in welfare of community cats in a twenty-three-year trap-neuter-return program in Key Largo, Florida: The ORCAT program. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 8, Article 618980. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.618980
Mikkola, S., Salonen, M., Sulkama, S., Puurunen, J., Hakanen, E., Tiira, K., & Lohi, H. (2023). Feline litter box issues associate with cat personality, breed, and age at sterilization. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 261(5), 652–660. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.22.10.0441
Ngitung, R. (2021). Karakteristik perilaku kucing domestik. Sainsmat: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.35580/sainsmat101362152021
Nielson, S. A., Khosa, D. K., Verbrugghe, A., & Clow, K. M. (2024). Cat caregivers’ perceptions, motivations, and behaviours for feeding treats: A cross-sectional study. PLoS ONE, 19(1), e0296011. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0296011
Ramos, D., Reche-Junior, A., Fragoso, P. L., & Palme, R. (2021). Sleep behaviour and welfare indicators in domestic cats. Animals, 11(9), 2613. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11092613
Robertson, S. A., Gogolski, S. M., Pascoe, P., Shafford, H. L., Sager, J., & Griffenhagen, G. M. (2018). AAFP feline anesthesia guidelines. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, 20(7), 602–634. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X18781391
Tama, K. T., Soma, I. G., Batan, I. W., & Nurahyani, N. P. W. (2023). Cat flu treatment due to feline herpesvirus in a domestic cat: A case report. Indonesian Medicus Veterinus, 12(1), 114–125. https://doi.org/10.19087/imv.2023.12.1.114
Umairoh, S., Subari, & Kurniawan, R. (2023). Perancangan motion graphic pentingnya sterilisasi kucing untuk menstabilkan populasi kucing. MAVIS: Jurnal Desain Komunikasi Visual, 5(2), 64–77. https://doi.org/10.32664/mavis.v5i02.988
Utami, D., Santoso, M. I. B., & Ainun, S. S. (2024). Biocompatibility assessment of an integrated contraceptive and RFID-based intravaginal device in cats (Felis catus): A preliminary study. Open Veterinary Journal, 14(9), 2348–2360. https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.23
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.1183-1192
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2026 Henny Chandra, Sutrisnawati Sutrisnawati, Syech Zainal, Fatmah Dhafir, Masrianih Masrianih, Manap Trianto
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry |
|
